Investing for income can be a priority for many investors, whether it be to supplement a salary, earn a living entirely or to keep comfortable in retirement.
The UK is perhaps the market most synonymous with income, thanks to its higher-than-average dividends and yield. Unlike countries such as the US – where companies focus more on growth and reinvesting their spare cash – UK stocks have long history of returning excess money to shareholders.
Many will look at the FTSE 100 as the best place for this, with big payers such as the oil giants, miners and banks all residing at the top of the domestic market.
Yet those that rely on these mega companies are putting their eggs into an increasingly small basket. More than half (57%) of all dividends in the index are paid by just 10 companies, with the remaining 43% coming from the other 90 names, according to data this week from Octopus Investments’ ‘Dividend Barometer’.
What’s more, the traditional income sectors might not be the best areas of the market to invest in going forward from a total return perspective.
Investors can get much more diversification further down the market. On average, the 10 largest dividend-paying companies in the FTSE 250 accounted for just 22% of the total paid out by constituents of the mid-cap index, Octopus found. This rose slightly to around a third of FTSE Small Cap companies and 36% of the amount from those quoted on AIM.
But this is not the only reason why mid- and small-caps might be a better option for income seekers than their larger counterparts.
Among the four indices mentioned, companies in the FTSE 100 have the lowest dividend cover, a measure of a stock’s earnings relative to the amount of money paid out to shareholders each year.
Additionally, while investing as a whole took a big hit during the pandemic in 2020 as companies held back cash to cover shortfalls, the lower parts of the market have been quicker to recover. While FTSE 100 dividends are still some way from their pre-pandemic levels, companies outside of large-cap status are much closer.
And this is set to continue. Octopus forecast FTSE 100 dividends to remain 11% behind 2018 levels by the end of 2025, while the rest of the market will overtake previous highs by the end of next year.
Of course, mid-caps are not going to be right for everyone. Smaller stocks tend to be inherently riskier and therefore may not suit retirees, for example.
But even this is a double-edged sword as they also have the potential for higher gains as they have more room to grow. And this is a crucial part of income investing that many forget.
Buying stocks where the share price should in theory rise more quickly (as is the case with mid- and small-caps) creates a double-whammy for investors.
Now this is by no means a reason to sell all of your large-caps and move lower down the market, but if you do need income, it is worth considering putting a sleeve of your portfolio into stocks further down the cap spectrum.